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This section covers the general qualifications for drivers of commercial motor vehicles (CMVs) under 49 CFR § 391.11. To be eligible to drive a CMV in interstate commerce, a person must meet all of the following requirements.
<tabber>
|-| (b)(1) Age =
{{Violation
|Section = 391.11(b)(1)
|Description = Driver is under 21 years of age.
|OOS = Yes
|ViolationCategory = Driver
|InspectionLevel = Level 3, Level 2, Level 1
|TypicalAction = Out of Service / Citation
|StateNotes = IL: Intrastate exceptions may apply for drivers 18-20 (check CDL restrictions), but strictly OOS for interstate commerce.
|ReferenceLinks = [https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-49/section-391.11 eCFR: 391.11 General Qualifications]
}}
|-| (b)(2) English Proficiency =
{{Violation
{{Violation
|Section = 391.11(b)(2)
|Section = 391.11(b)(2)
Line 5: Line 21:
|ViolationCategory = Driver
|ViolationCategory = Driver
|InspectionLevel = Level 3, Level 2, Level 1
|InspectionLevel = Level 3, Level 2, Level 1
|TypicalAction = Out of Service, Warning
|TypicalAction = Out of Service / Citation
|StateNotes = IL: Note any specific driver interactions or inability to answer standard CMV operational questions in the inspection report.
|StateNotes = IL: Note any specific driver interactions or inability to answer standard CDL operational questions in the inspection report.
|ReferenceLinks = [https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-49/section-391.11 eCFR: 391.11 General Qualifications] <br> [https://www.fmcsa.dot.gov/regulations/enforcement/fmcsa-elp-guidance-roadside-policy-mc-see-2026-0002 FMCSA Official Guidance April 16, 2026]
|ReferenceLinks = [https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-49/section-391.11 eCFR: 391.11 General Qualifications] <br> [https://www.fmcsa.dot.gov/regulations/title49/section/391.11 FMCSA Official Guidance April 16, 2026]
}}
 
|-| (b)(4) Medical Cert =
{{Violation
|Section = 391.11(b)(4)
|Description = Driver is not physically qualified to drive a commercial motor vehicle (Missing or expired medical certificate).
|OOS = Yes
|ViolationCategory = Driver
|InspectionLevel = Level 3, Level 2, Level 1
|TypicalAction = Out of Service / Citation
|StateNotes = IL: Verify status through standard LEADS/CDLIS return before initiating OOS protocols.
|ReferenceLinks = [https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-49/section-391.41 eCFR: 391.41 Physical Qualifications]
}}
 
|-| (b)(5) Valid License =
{{Violation
|Section = 391.11(b)(5)
|Description = Driver does not possess a valid commercial motor vehicle operator's license issued by only one state or jurisdiction.
|OOS = Yes
|ViolationCategory = Driver
|InspectionLevel = Level 3, Level 2, Level 1
|TypicalAction = Out of Service / Citation
|StateNotes = IL: Cross-reference with 383.23(a)(2) for specific CDL requirements and OOS criteria.
|ReferenceLinks = [https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-49/section-391.11 eCFR: 391.11 General Qualifications]
}}
 
|-| (b)(6) Disqualified =
{{Violation
|Section = 391.11(b)(6)
|Description = Driver is currently disqualified to drive a commercial motor vehicle under the rules of §391.15.
|OOS = Yes
|ViolationCategory = Driver
|InspectionLevel = Level 3, Level 2, Level 1
|TypicalAction = Out of Service / Citation / Arrest
|StateNotes = IL: Check LEADS/NCIC for active suspensions or revocations.
|ReferenceLinks = [https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-49/section-391.15 eCFR: 391.15 Disqualification of Drivers]
}}
}}
</tabber>


== Regulatory Guidance & Memos ==
== Regulatory Guidance & Memos ==
391.11(b)(2)<pdf width="1000" height="600">File:FMCSA_ELP_Guidance_Roadside_Policy_-_Revised_(4-16-2026)_Redacted.pdf</pdf>
'''391.11(b)(2) Official Roadside Policy'''
<pdf width="1000" height="600">File:FMCSA_ELP_Guidance_Roadside_Policy_-_Revised_(4-16-2026)_Redacted.pdf</pdf>

Revision as of 12:46, 23 May 2026

This section covers the general qualifications for drivers of commercial motor vehicles (CMVs) under 49 CFR § 391.11. To be eligible to drive a CMV in interstate commerce, a person must meet all of the following requirements.



Section 391.11(b)(1)
Description Driver is under 21 years of age.
Out-of-Service? Yes
Category Driver
Inspection Level Level 3, Level 2, Level 1
Typical Action Out of Service / Citation
Notes IL: Intrastate exceptions may apply for drivers 18-20 (check CDL restrictions), but strictly OOS for interstate commerce.
Reference Links eCFR: 391.11 General Qualifications



Section 391.11(b)(2)
Description Driver cannot read/speak English sufficiently to converse with public, understand signs, or respond to official inquiries.
Out-of-Service? Yes
Category Driver
Inspection Level Level 3, Level 2, Level 1
Typical Action Out of Service / Citation
Notes IL: Note any specific driver interactions or inability to answer standard CDL operational questions in the inspection report.
Reference Links eCFR: 391.11 General Qualifications
FMCSA Official Guidance April 16, 2026



Section 391.11(b)(4)
Description Driver is not physically qualified to drive a commercial motor vehicle (Missing or expired medical certificate).
Out-of-Service? Yes
Category Driver
Inspection Level Level 3, Level 2, Level 1
Typical Action Out of Service / Citation
Notes IL: Verify status through standard LEADS/CDLIS return before initiating OOS protocols.
Reference Links eCFR: 391.41 Physical Qualifications



Section 391.11(b)(5)
Description Driver does not possess a valid commercial motor vehicle operator's license issued by only one state or jurisdiction.
Out-of-Service? Yes
Category Driver
Inspection Level Level 3, Level 2, Level 1
Typical Action Out of Service / Citation
Notes IL: Cross-reference with 383.23(a)(2) for specific CDL requirements and OOS criteria.
Reference Links eCFR: 391.11 General Qualifications



Section 391.11(b)(6)
Description Driver is currently disqualified to drive a commercial motor vehicle under the rules of §391.15.
Out-of-Service? Yes
Category Driver
Inspection Level Level 3, Level 2, Level 1
Typical Action Out of Service / Citation / Arrest
Notes IL: Check LEADS/NCIC for active suspensions or revocations.
Reference Links eCFR: 391.15 Disqualification of Drivers

Regulatory Guidance & Memos

391.11(b)(2) Official Roadside Policy

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