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This section covers the general qualifications for drivers of commercial motor vehicles (CMVs) under 49 CFR § 391.11. To be eligible to drive a CMV in interstate commerce, a person must meet all of the following requirements.
This section covers the general qualifications for drivers of commercial motor vehicles (CMVs) under 49 CFR § 391.11.


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|TypicalAction = Out of Service / Citation
|TypicalAction = Out of Service / Citation
|StateNotes = IL: Intrastate exceptions may apply for drivers 18-20 (check CDL restrictions), but strictly OOS for interstate commerce.
|StateNotes = IL: Intrastate exceptions may apply for drivers 18-20 (check CDL restrictions), but strictly OOS for interstate commerce.
|ReferenceLinks = [https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-49/section-391.11 eCFR: 391.11 General Qualifications target="_blank"]
|ReferenceLinks = <a href="https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-49/section-391.11" target="_blank">eCFR: 391.11 General Qualifications</a>
}}
}}


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|InspectionLevel = Level 3, Level 2, Level 1
|InspectionLevel = Level 3, Level 2, Level 1
|TypicalAction = Out of Service / Citation
|TypicalAction = Out of Service / Citation
|StateNotes = IL: Note any specific driver interactions or inability to answer standard CDL operational questions in the inspection report.
|StateNotes = IL: Note any specific driver interactions or inability to answer standard CDL operational questions.
|ReferenceLinks = <a href="https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-49/section-391.11" target="_blank">eCFR: 391.11 General Qualifications</a> <br> <a href="https://www.fmcsa.dot.gov/regulations/enforcement/fmcsa-elp-guidance-roadside-policy-mc-see-2026-0002" target="_blank">FMCSA ELP Guidance Roadside Policy (MC-SEE-2026-0002) April 16, 2026</a>
|ReferenceLinks = <a href="https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-49/section-391.11" target="_blank">eCFR: 391.11 General Qualifications</a> <br> <a href="https://www.fmcsa.dot.gov/regulations/enforcement/fmcsa-elp-guidance-roadside-policy-mc-see-2026-0002" target="_blank">FMCSA ELP Guidance (April 16, 2026)</a>
}}
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{{Violation
{{Violation
|Section = 391.11(b)(4)
|Section = 391.11(b)(4)
|Description = Driver is not physically qualified to drive a commercial motor vehicle (Missing or expired medical certificate).
|Description = Driver is not physically qualified (Missing or expired medical certificate).
|OOS = Yes
|OOS = Yes
|ViolationCategory = Driver
|ViolationCategory = Driver
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|TypicalAction = Out of Service / Citation
|TypicalAction = Out of Service / Citation
|StateNotes = IL: Verify status through standard LEADS/CDLIS return before initiating OOS protocols.
|StateNotes = IL: Verify status through standard LEADS/CDLIS return before initiating OOS protocols.
|ReferenceLinks = [https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-49/section-391.41 eCFR: 391.41 Physical Qualifications target="_blank"]
|ReferenceLinks = <a href="https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-49/section-391.41" target="_blank">eCFR: 391.41 Physical Qualifications</a>
}}
}}


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{{Violation
{{Violation
|Section = 391.11(b)(5)
|Section = 391.11(b)(5)
|Description = Driver does not possess a valid commercial motor vehicle operator's license issued by only one state or jurisdiction.
|Description = Driver does not possess a valid commercial motor vehicle operator's license.
|OOS = Yes
|OOS = Yes
|ViolationCategory = Driver
|ViolationCategory = Driver
|InspectionLevel = Level 3, Level 2, Level 1
|InspectionLevel = Level 3, Level 2, Level 1
|TypicalAction = Out of Service / Citation
|TypicalAction = Out of Service / Citation
|StateNotes = IL: Cross-reference with 383.23(a)(2) for specific CDL requirements and OOS criteria.
|StateNotes = IL: Cross-reference with 383.23(a)(2).
|ReferenceLinks = [https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-49/section-391.11 eCFR: 391.11 General Qualifications target="_blank"]
|ReferenceLinks = <a href="https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-49/section-391.11" target="_blank">eCFR: 391.11 General Qualifications</a>
}}
}}


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{{Violation
{{Violation
|Section = 391.11(b)(6)
|Section = 391.11(b)(6)
|Description = Driver is currently disqualified to drive a commercial motor vehicle under the rules of §391.15.
|Description = Driver is currently disqualified to drive a CMV under the rules of §391.15.
|OOS = Yes
|OOS = Yes
|ViolationCategory = Driver
|ViolationCategory = Driver
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|TypicalAction = Out of Service / Citation / Arrest
|TypicalAction = Out of Service / Citation / Arrest
|StateNotes = IL: Check LEADS/NCIC for active suspensions or revocations.
|StateNotes = IL: Check LEADS/NCIC for active suspensions or revocations.
|ReferenceLinks = [https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-49/section-391.15 eCFR: 391.15 Disqualification of Drivers target="_blank"]
|ReferenceLinks = <a href="https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-49/section-391.15" target="_blank">eCFR: 391.15 Disqualification of Drivers</a>
}}
}}
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Revision as of 12:55, 23 May 2026

This section covers the general qualifications for drivers of commercial motor vehicles (CMVs) under 49 CFR § 391.11.



Section 391.11(b)(1)
Description Driver is under 21 years of age.
Out-of-Service? Yes
Category Driver
Inspection Level Level 3, Level 2, Level 1
Typical Action Out of Service / Citation
Notes IL: Intrastate exceptions may apply for drivers 18-20 (check CDL restrictions), but strictly OOS for interstate commerce.
Reference Links <a href="https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-49/section-391.11" target="_blank">eCFR: 391.11 General Qualifications</a>



Section 391.11(b)(2)
Description Driver cannot read/speak English sufficiently to converse with public, understand signs, or respond to official inquiries.
Out-of-Service? Yes
Category Driver
Inspection Level Level 3, Level 2, Level 1
Typical Action Out of Service / Citation
Notes IL: Note any specific driver interactions or inability to answer standard CDL operational questions.
Reference Links <a href="https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-49/section-391.11" target="_blank">eCFR: 391.11 General Qualifications</a>
<a href="https://www.fmcsa.dot.gov/regulations/enforcement/fmcsa-elp-guidance-roadside-policy-mc-see-2026-0002" target="_blank">FMCSA ELP Guidance (April 16, 2026)</a>



Section 391.11(b)(4)
Description Driver is not physically qualified (Missing or expired medical certificate).
Out-of-Service? Yes
Category Driver
Inspection Level Level 3, Level 2, Level 1
Typical Action Out of Service / Citation
Notes IL: Verify status through standard LEADS/CDLIS return before initiating OOS protocols.
Reference Links <a href="https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-49/section-391.41" target="_blank">eCFR: 391.41 Physical Qualifications</a>



Section 391.11(b)(5)
Description Driver does not possess a valid commercial motor vehicle operator's license.
Out-of-Service? Yes
Category Driver
Inspection Level Level 3, Level 2, Level 1
Typical Action Out of Service / Citation
Notes IL: Cross-reference with 383.23(a)(2).
Reference Links <a href="https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-49/section-391.11" target="_blank">eCFR: 391.11 General Qualifications</a>



Section 391.11(b)(6)
Description Driver is currently disqualified to drive a CMV under the rules of §391.15.
Out-of-Service? Yes
Category Driver
Inspection Level Level 3, Level 2, Level 1
Typical Action Out of Service / Citation / Arrest
Notes IL: Check LEADS/NCIC for active suspensions or revocations.
Reference Links <a href="https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-49/section-391.15" target="_blank">eCFR: 391.15 Disqualification of Drivers</a>

Regulatory Guidance & Memos